Что фактически фиксируется в качестве исторического поселения

Abstract

The identification of a distinctly localized spatial and planning integrity in the territory of the modern settlement is still a serious problem. The essence of the problem lies in the blur, the concept of "Historical settlement" established in the current federal law "On Cultural Heritage Sites (Monuments of History and Culture) of the Peoples of the Russian Federation" of 25.06.2002 No. 73-Fz. The vagueness of the wording of the "Protected object" of the historical settlement also complicates, and in some cases makes it impossible, to localize such a unique urban historical object as the "Historical settlement".

The article deals with the problem of localization of the spatial and planning integrity of a historical settlement. The results of the analysis of the legally introduced definition of "Historical settlement" and its inaccuracy are presented. It is proved that the fundamental fact confirming the existence of a historical settlement on the territory of a modern locality should be recognized as the preserved historical environment, even in the absence of cultural heritage objects. The basis for this assertion is the recognition of intangible reality materialized in previous periods of time as the most valuable asset. It is the historical environment of a settlement that is the brightest material evidence of this intangible reality or the creative activity of departed generations of citizens of a particular settlement. This is exactly what needs to be revealed in order to establish the rules of exploitation for preservation for future generations.