Technology for Cleaning and Disposal Surface Waste Water and Sediments

Abstract

One of the main environmental problems is the collection, transportation and treatment of surface wastewater. Most existing systems for the removal and treatment of surface wastewater can no longer cope with the increasing volume of effluents or are physically worn out. The main sources of pollution of surface wastewater are products of soil washout, destruction of asphalt and concrete surfaces, abrasion of car tires, spills of fuel oil and oils, as well as construction and other materials stored in open storage areas. Surface wastewater pollutes water bodies with suspended, surface-active substances, oil products, organic impurities, heavy metal ions and other pollutants. Precipitation leads to pollution and siltation of the channels of watercourses, disrupts the vital activity of living organisms, microorganisms, and has a negative effect on the biocenosis and self-cleaning ability of water bodies. The aim of the study was to develop a technology for treating surface wastewater of coal industry enterprises using a new filter plant - a clarifier reactor. Experimental studies were carried out in the production conditions of a coal preparation plant in Novosibirsk. The pilot plant was a model of treatment facilities for storm and melt wastewater of the enterprise. The composition of the surface wastewater of a coal industry enterprise was studied, the design of a new facility for wastewater treatment, a clarifier reactor, was applied. Reagent cleaning of storm water was carried out in a sedimentation tank using aluminum oxychloride as a coagulant. Then the water was clarified in a layer of fine-grained suspended contact charge of the clarifier reactor, in a quick filter loaded with burnt rock and cleaned on a charcoal filter. The quality of the treated water was in accordance with the requirements. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, a technology has been developed for the treatment of storm sewage from industrial enterprises, which allows them to be discharged into open water bodies or used in recycling technical water supply to enterprises.