Forms and constructions in the architecture of the Soviet avant-garde and their interpretation in modern foreign practice.

Abstract

By the end of the twentieth century, the West was rapidly growing interest in The Russian avant-garde. Many researchers – K. cook, A. Kopp, V. Quilici and others devote their works to the study of creativity by the Soviet masters. In Germany, Italy, and America, catalogues of works are published and exhibitions are held. The largest Western architects, Z. Hadid, R. Kulhas, S. Hall, T. Main, and D. Fischer, are beginning to talk about the Soviet avant-garde as an amazing cultural phenomenon that largely influenced the development of modern architecture, as well as the formation of their creative path. 

The article considers some forms and techniques of construction that were first introduced into architecture by the masters of the Soviet avant-garde and received a "new life" in modern Western practice. Based on the comparative analysis of projects and the study of the statements of the largest modern architects, the continuity of relations between the architectural forms of the avant-garde era and the latest projects is determined. Some of the "themes" that are most frequently interpreted today are highlighted. So, various variations on the theme of the horizontal skyscraper by E. Lisitsky have become widespread.  Simple geometric forms, often found in I. Leonidov's projects, are now present in the works of K. Tange, R. koolhas, S. Ban, A. Smith, B. Ingels, and others. Diagonal constructions, a favorite technique of K. Melnikov, formed the basis of the work of deconstructive architects, Z. Hadid, and D. Libeskind.

The appeal of modern masters to the very origins of the architecture of the twentieth century allows us to speak about the uniqueness of the phenomenon of the Soviet avant-garde – many of the models have become, literally, prophetic. Completely unappreciated at the time of its appearance and forgotten for many years in Russian architecture, these architectural forms and structures continue to live today in the most interesting and modern interpretations.