Young National Schools of the XX Century - Socio-Cultural and Professional Paradigms for Forming the Capital Architecture. Central Asian context

Abstract

The review of the design and construction situation of formation of Central Asian capitals is rather specific in comparison with foreign practice due to the peculiarities of local climatic, historical, and cultural situations. The

capitals of the Soviet East, starting from the 1920s, were already existing cities, often ancient, which inevitably affected the conceptual basis of the architects of the Center, setting the creative vector to use traditions. The democratic doctrine of those years - cultural heritage - also focused on its rethinking, up to the most orthodox innovators. Both at that time and to a lesser extent later, in the 1970s, visiting architects were also concerned with creative tasks - the prospect of expanding the arsenal of modern techniques and means, the use of foreign examples of local traditional culture. In a similar historical, cultural, and professional situation as compared to the activities of the architects of the avant-garde was one of the outstanding masters of modernism, A.S. Kosinsky, who essentially implemented the methodological guidelines of Soviet innovative architecture in projects for the reconstruction of Tashkent. Most of his project innovations, which remained unrealized, like the works of the 1920s, were based on futuristic ideas, as they were perceived by contemporaries, but whose viability was proved by the world practice of the late twentieth century.