Frame and Fabric of Urban Planning System. St. Petersburg, XVIII and XXI Century

Part 1

Abstract

Using the example of St. Petersburg, the patterns of controlled formation and development of urban planning structures are considered. The methodological basis of the study is the existing idea of the phased nature of the development of the territory. The development of the urban planning system can be traced through the interaction of two defining elements – frame and fabric. The framework is a system of main transport routes, communication nodes and associated urban structures. Its infrastructure is being transformed taking into account the historical context, but its system-forming significance is preserved (this study uses the currently accepted classification of city streets and roads according to their functional role and extends it to water transport routes).The focal nature of the urban fabric that arose in the initial phase of the development of the natural transport framework, the functional and spatial localization of settlements are recorded. Particular attention is paid to the radical transformations of the second half of the 18th century, when off-street waterways were supplemented by a network of regular urban roads, which ensured the transition to new forms of land use.