Energy Optimization of Space-Planning Solutions for Spherical Buildings

Abstract

The importance of the task of energy saving in the construction sector is determined by a significant proportion of primary energy consumed during construction production and operation of capital construction facilities. The energy efficiency of the full life cycle of a capital construction object is determined by the geometric and thermophysical characteristics of the enclosing structures. Space-planning solutions play a special role in achieving energy efficiency. The foreign projects of domed buildings of the mid-twentieth century, designed by such architects as Richard Buckminster Fuller, Nicholas Grimshaw, Murphy and McKee architects, as well as Eberhard Heinrich Seidler, are analyzed. As a result of the work, the dependence of the compactness coefficient of a building having the shape of a ball segment on the radius of the dome part and height is determined, the power of heat losses through the surfaces of enclosing structures, linear and point heat-stressed elements are calculated, and the total loss of thermal energy over the heating period through the enclosing structures of buildings having the shape of a ball segment is calculated, and methods of energy efficiency are formulated. optimization of space-planning solutions of such buildings. It is revealed that with an increase in the compactness coefficient, the consumption of resources for the manufacture and installation of enclosing structures increases and the energy efficiency of the building decreases. Only the first effect is adequately described within the framework of a geometric description[1].

[1] Funding. The research was carried out with the funds of the state program of the Russian Federation "Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation" for 2021-2030 within the Plan of Fundamental Scientific Research of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences and the Ministry of Construction of Russia for 2022, topic No. 3.1.7.1 "Scientific and Methodological Basis for Creating a Digital Platform for the Multidimensional Reconstruction of Established Urban Areas.

Acknowledgment. The studies, the results of which are described in this paper, were conducted using the equipment of the VSTU Prof. Y.M. Borisov Central Clinical Laboratory, with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Project No. 075-15-2021-662.