Science in the Space of St. Petersburg. The First Half of XIX Century

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problems of spatial organization of science in St. Petersburg in the first half of the 19th century. It examines the location of academies, institutes, botanical gardens, museums, observatories, and other scientific facilities. The network of these objects is analyzed, acquiring new features as the capital grows, the urban environment transforms, and the changes that accompany the advancement of the scientific research front. A tendency towards concentration of scientists’ workplaces in the central part of the city is revealed. The processes of development and transformation of individual scientific institutions (St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Main Physical Observatory) are characterized. The emergence of new forms of relationship between research activities and higher education is noted. There is
also a growing participation of scientists in solving production problems.