Science in the Space of Saint-Petersburg: Formation

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problems of the spatial organization of the science in St. Petersburg of the 18th century. It notes the features of the situation that occurs when the age of the capital's scientific center almost does not lag behind the age of the capital. The most important objects of science are characterized, including the Academy of Sciences and Arts. The formation of the network of these objects is considered against the background of the development of the planning structure of the city. The influence of the technology of production processes on the choice of sites suitable for research is noted. The influence of the processes of business communication between scientists and the ties united research, educational and industrial activities, was also noted. It is shown that in the period from 1725 to 1805 there was a concentration of objects of science on Vasilyevsky Island.The picture of the settlement of scientists, students and teachers within the city is considered. The trend of concentration of places of work, education and residence in common territorial areas is analyzed. The creation of separate towns on the basis of the Pharmaceutical Garden, the Naval Cadet Corps and the Glass Factory is shown.The town, which arose on the basis of the Academy of Sciences and Arts, is given special attention. Based on the surviving documents, the scheme of resettlement of its employees on the territory of Vasilyevsky Island is reconstructed. There was a lack of funds needed for new construction - this explained the practice of buying already built buildings for the needs of the Academy or renting apartments. The gradual overcoming of the difficulties that arose, which accompanied the success of research activities, is emphasized: for science in the city, the construction of new buildings began, in the design of which scientists took an active part.