The Green Continent – Green Architecture of Scientific and Innovative Complexes

Abstract

Over the past few decades, a national trend in architecture has been created in Australia, characterized by an advanced rational environmental approach, energy efficiency, balanced and pragmatic functional design. Research in the fields of biotechnology, medicine, earth and ocean sciences, ecology is widespread in national scientific and innovative complexes. The directions of "green architecture" are actively developing in the country, a system for determining energy efficiency as an integral part of project sustainability (ABGR) has been created. Research is being conducted, modern technologies are being developed and tested in the areas of reducing waste and harmful emissions into the atmosphere, reducing the energy consumption of processes. This leads to the integration of the principles of environmental friendliness in design solutions. Spatial solutions of scientific and innovative complexes are characterized by flexibility, costeffectiveness, and a rational approach. Various techniques of passive energy-efficient design are being developed, which are necessary for productive and effective creative scientific work. Research spaces are open and transparent, climatic conditions allow us to fully involve the natural environment in an internal and external organization, which promotes communication and enriches the imaginative solutions of objects. Atriums are organized everywhere as meeting and contact areas, as well as an effective mechanism for thermoregulation and natural illumination of the interior space. Effective techniques such as grouping rooms by the amount of energy consumption, using the possibilities of convection, and prevailing wind directions. Among the energysaving measures are the predominant orientation of glazing to the north side, vertical landscaping of external fences, the use of local natural materials, the use of progressive environmental monitoring systems, efficient electrical, water supply, and waste disposal devices, local aquifers. The buildings have their alternative energy supply using solar energy, thermal storage, underground heat exchangers. Great importance is given to training in the fields of innovative eco-technologies, techniques of which become the subjects of demonstration and education of the population.